PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

12.23.2011

Posted on 9:13 PM by know about heart

Before proceeding CVS (cardiovascular system) examination, certain general points should be needed_

1) Look at the Patient carefully:

a) Dyspnoeic/orthopnoeic: Present in LVF (left ventricular failure)

b) Malar flush: Present in MS (mitral stenosis)

c) Cachexic: Present in Cardiac cachexia in Sever heart failure.

2) Anaemia: Present in_

a) MI

b) Pulmonary embolus

c) Infective endocarditis

3) Cyanosis: Present in_

a) Congenital heart disease (Right to left shunt)

b) HF (heart failure), AS (Aortic stenosis)

4) Face:

a) Marfanoid faceies: Present in Marfan’s syndrome

b) Xanthelasma : Present in Hypercholesterolaemia related to atherosclerosis in IHD.

5) Hand:

A) Clubbing: Present in_

a) Congenital HD(heart disease)

b) Infective Endocarditis

B) Osler's node: (Red, raised, Palpable, tender nodule on the pulp of the finger/toes, also in thenar or hypothenar area). Present in _

a) Subacute bacterial endocarditis.

C) Splinter haemorrhage: Present in Subacute bacterial endocarditis

D)Janeway lesion :Palpable purpuric spot on the palm . Present in _

a) Subacute bacterial endocarditis

E) Xanthoma (Palmar/tendon): Present in Atherosclerosis in IHD

F)Tobacco stain : Present in Smoker -IHD

6) Oedema: More apparent in dependent part. Present in _

a) Hypoalbuminaemia

b) Inferior venacaval obstruction

7) Ear-diagonal crease in the lobule of the auricle (Frank's sign) : Prerence of this sign indicates that IHD.

8) Acitis: Present in CCF, CD

9) Corneal arcus: Present in cholesterol deposition.

10) Roths Spot: Flame Shaped retinal hge With a cotton-wool centre,

Infective endocarditis